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CORNEA

The cornea is vital for vision because it focuses light onto the retina. It’s a clear, dome-shaped front part of the eye that protects it and helps keep vision clear. Damage to the cornea can lead to vision problems, highlighting its importance.

Corneal Health and Care

Avoid rubbing your eyes

Wear protective eyewear

Follow a balanced diet

Take breaks from screens

Visit an eye care professional

Follow the rule 20-20-20

Treatments available at Shanthi Nethralaya Eye Hospital

Ocular Surface Disorders

Dry Eye Syndrome

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Blepharitis

Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency

Ectatic Disorders

Keratoconus

A progressive thinning and bulging of the cornea, resulting in distorted vision. It is often treated with specialized contact lenses, corneal cross-linking, or corneal transplant.

Pellucid Marginal Degeneration

Pellucid Marginal Degeneration a thinning of the cornea along its lower edge, causing irregular astigmatism and visual impairment.

Posterior Keratoconus

A thinning of the cornea along its lower edge, causing irregular astigmatism and visual impairment.

Infectious Disorders

Bacterial Keratitis

Viral Keratitis

Fungal Keratitis

Acanthamoeba Keratitis

Corneal Transplants

Indications for Corneal Transplants

Corneal scar

Keratoconus

Fuchs' dystrophy

Corneal degeneration

corneal swelling

Failed previous transplant

Preparation for Corneal Transplants

Before the surgery, patients undergo a thorough evaluation to assess their overall health and suitability for the procedure. Pre-operative tests may include blood tests, imaging, and a complete eye examination. Patients may need to stop certain medications prior to the surgery.

Recovery and Post-Surgery Care

Recovery from corneal transplants can vary depending on the type of procedure and individual patient factors. Patients may experience discomfort and vision fluctuations in the initial days or weeks after surgery. Post-surgery care includes using prescribed eye drops to prevent infection and inflammation, as well as attending follow-up appointments for monitoring progress.

Risks and Complications

Rejection of the donor cornea by the immune system.
Infection or inflammation of the eye.
Glaucoma (increased pressure inside the eye)
Problems with sutures or wound healing.

Types of Corneal Transplants

Why choose Shanthi Nethralaya Eye Hospital for Corneal Transplants

CORNEA

Introduction

The cornea is the eye's primary focusing element, bending light to help form clear images on the retina. It also acts as a protective barrier against dirt and hazards. Any damage to the cornea can disrupt vision, underscoring its importance for clear sight.

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Corneal Health and Care

Daily care and protection of the cornea

The cornea is a vital part of the eye that plays a crucial role in vision. Daily care and protection of the cornea are essential to maintain good eye health. Here are some tips to ensure the well-being of your cornea:

Avoid rubbing your eyes
Wear protective eyewear
Follow a balanced diet
Take breaks from screens
Visit an eye care professional
Follow the rule 20-20-20
Book Appointment

Treatments available at Shanthi Nethralaya Eye Hospital

Common corneal disorders can be broadly categorized into ocular surface disorders, ectatic disorders, infectious disorders, and corneal degenerative and dystrophic conditions. Each category encompasses a variety of conditions that can affect the cornea’s health and function, impacting vision and overall eye wellness.

Ocular Surface Disorders

Dry Eye Syndrome

A condition characterized by insufficient tear production or poor tear quality, leading to dryness, irritation, and discomfort.

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Inflammation of the conjunctiva due to allergic reactions. It can cause redness, itching, and swelling.

Blepharitis

Inflammation of the eyelids that can affect the cornea and ocular surface, causing irritation and potential infection.

Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency

A condition where the stem cells located in the limbus (the area between the cornea and sclera) are damaged or depleted.

Ectatic Disorders

Keratoconus

A progressive thinning and bulging of the cornea, resulting in distorted vision. It is often treated with specialized contact lenses, corneal cross-linking, or corneal transplant.

Pellucid Marginal Degeneration

Pellucid Marginal Degeneration

Pellucid Marginal Degeneration a thinning of the cornea along its lower edge, causing irregular astigmatism and visual impairment.

Posterior Keratoconus

Posterior Keratoconus a rare condition where the back surface of the cornea becomes steepened, which may lead to visual distortion and require monitoring.

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Infectious Disorders

Bacterial Keratitis

A corneal infection caused by bacteria, often related to improper contact lens use or injury. It can cause redness, pain, and discharge, and may lead to vision loss if untreated.

Viral Keratitis

An infection of the cornea caused by viruses, such as the herpes simplex virus. It can cause painful sores on the cornea and may require antiviral treatment.

Fungal Keratitis

A rare but serious infection caused by fungi, often resulting from trauma or the use of contaminated contact lenses. It requires antifungal treatment.

Acanthamoeba Keratitis

A rare but severe infection caused by a microscopic organism, often associated with contact lens wear. It can lead to vision loss if not promptly treated.

Corneal Transplants

Indications for Corneal Transplants

Corneal scar
Keratoconus
Fuchs' dystrophy
Corneal degeneration
corneal swelling

Failed previous corneal transplant

Book Appointment

Preparation for Corneal Transplants

Before the surgery, patients undergo a thorough evaluation to assess their overall health and suitability for the procedure. Pre-operative tests may include blood tests, imaging, and a complete eye examination. Patients may need to stop certain medications prior to the surgery.

Recovery and Post-Surgery Care

Recovery from corneal transplants can vary depending on the type of procedure and individual patient factors. Patients may experience discomfort and vision fluctuations in the initial days or weeks after surgery. Post-surgery care includes using prescribed eye drops to prevent infection and inflammation, as well as attending follow-up appointments for monitoring progress.

Risks and Complications

While corneal transplants are generally safe, potential risks and complications include

Rejection of the donor cornea by the immune system.
Infection or inflammation of the eye.
Glaucoma (increased pressure inside the eye)
Problems with sutures or wound healing.

Types of Corneal Transplants

Penetrating Keratoplasty (PKP)

  • Overview: Penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) is a full-thickness corneal transplant where the entire cornea is replaced with healthy donor tissue. This is one of the oldest and most common forms of corneal transplant, used to treat conditions such as corneal scarring, dystrophies, and keratoconus.
  • Procedure: The surgeon removes a circular portion of the patient’s damaged cornea and replaces it with a matching circular donor cornea, sewing it in place with sutures. PKP is typically performed under local anesthesia with sedation or general anesthesia.
  • Recovery: Recovery can take several months, as the sutures need time to heal and vision may fluctuate during this period. Regular follow-up appointments are necessary to monitor healing and progress.

Superficial Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (SALK)

  • Overview:This technique involves replacing only the outermost layer of the cornea (epithelium) with donor tissue.
  • Procedure:In ALK, the surgeon carefully removes the anterior layers of the cornea and replaces them with donor tissue. The endothelium is left intact, reducing the risk of rejection.
  • Recovery:Recovery from ALK is generally quicker than PKP, as the endothelium is preserved.
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Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK)

  • Overview:DALK removes the outer layers of the cornea up to Descemet’s membrane, leaving the endothelium intact. This procedure may require specialized equipment and techniques.
  • Procedure:In ALK, the surgeon carefully removes the anterior layers of the cornea and replaces them with donor tissue. The endothelium is left intact, reducing the risk of rejection.
  • Recovery:Recovery from ALK is generally quicker than PKP, as the endothelium is preserved.

Descemet's Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSEK)

  • Overview: DSEK is similar to DSAEK but uses a thinner donor graft composed of the endothelium, Descemet’s membrane, and a very thin layer of stroma.
  • Procedure: The procedure is similar to DSAEK, but with a thinner graft that allows for better fit and quicker recovery.
  • Recovery: Recovery is generally faster, and patients may experience improved vision within a few weeks.

Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK)

  • Overview: DMEK is the most advanced form of endothelial keratoplasty, involving the replacement of only the endothelium and Descemet’s membrane with an ultra-thin donor graft.
  • Procedure: The surgeon removes the patient’s damaged endothelium and Descemet’s membrane and replaces it with the donor graft. Precision and skill are required to handle the delicate tissue.
  • Recovery: Recovery is rapid, and vision can improve significantly within a short period. The risk of rejection is lower than in other transplants.
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These different types of corneal transplants offer various options to address specific corneal issues. The choice of procedure depends on the patient’s condition, the surgeon’s expertise, and the expected outcomes.

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Why choose Shanthi Nethralaya Eye Hospital for Corneal Transplants

Shanthi Nethralaya Eye Hospital is a premier choice for corneal transplant surgeries due to the expertise and experience of Dr. Shanthiniketh, who performs these procedures at the hospital. Here are several reasons why patients may choose Shanthi Nethralaya for corneal transplant surgeries

Dr. Shanthi Niketh, Hyderabad cataract and refractive surgeon, performing eye surgery

Surgeon's Expertise

Training at LVPEI: Dr. Shanthiniketh received specialized training at L.V. Prasad Eye Institute (LVPEI), a renowned eye care center known for its excellence in ophthalmology. This training has equipped him with advanced skills and knowledge in corneal surgeries. Extensive Experience: Dr. Shanthiniketh has performed over 1,000 eye transplants throughout his career, demonstrating his proficiency in a wide range of corneal procedures, including advanced lamellar techniques.Continuous Learning: Dr. Shanthiniketh stays updated on the latest advancements in corneal transplant surgeries, ensuring patients receive the most effective and modern care.

Contributions to Eye Care

Development of Cornea Department: Dr. Shanthiniketh has been instrumental in developing the cornea department at Akira Eye Hospital in Rajahmundry, enhancing the quality of eye care in the region. Chief Cornea Consultant: Dr. Shanthiniketh serves as the chief cornea consultant at Neoretina Eye Hospital, part of the Centre for Sight group of hospitals, contributing his expertise to another esteemed institution.

Commitment to Quality Care

Personalized Care: Patients receive individualized treatment plans tailored to their specific needs, from preoperative assessments to postoperative follow-up care. Advanced Surgical Techniques: Shanthi Nethralaya employs cutting-edge techniques such as Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK), ensuring precise and successful procedures. Comprehensive Postoperative Support: The hospital offers thorough postoperative care, including regular follow-up visits and personalized guidance for optimal recovery.

Patient-Centered Approach

Patient Education: Dr. Shanthiniketh prioritizes educating patients about their condition, the surgical process, and postoperative care, empowering them to make informed decisions about their eye health. Comfort and Convenience: Shanthi Nethralaya's facilities are designed to provide a welcoming and supportive environment for patients.

In summary, Shanthi Nethralaya Eye Hospital offers top-notch corneal transplant surgeries with the exceptional expertise of Dr. Shanthiniketh, backed by his training at LVPEI and commitment to personalized, high-quality care. The hospital’s focus on patient education and comprehensive support ensures optimal outcomes and patient satisfaction.

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